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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Medications help many people manage anxiety, but they're not the only option. Psychotherapy and exercise can be effective treatments. Some antidepressants work to treat anxiety as well, such as SSRIs like citalopram (Celexa), Escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac) paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Others, such as histamine blockers such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants Your doctor might prescribe medication to treat depression. Antidepressants are one of the most common prescription drugs, and there are many kinds to choose from. The type you choose by your doctor depends on the severity of your symptoms and any other medical issues you suffer from, as well as your the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. The drugs increase the number of neurotransmitters that are present in your brain, which helps improve your mood and reduces anxiety. Antidepressants may take a few weeks to produce results, so be patient and stick to your regimen. Benzodiazepines are another option your doctor could recommend to treat anxiety and depression. These medications are fast-acting and can be used to alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in a short time. Examples of benzodiazepines include alprazolam and lorazepam. They inhibit the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are hormones that are involved in the body's fight or flight response. Monoamine inhibitors of oxidase are a kind of antidepressant that is also effective in treating anxiety and depression. They are usually reserved for those who aren't able to respond to other types of antidepressants. They also require dietary adjustments to avoid hypertensive reactions that result from interactions with amino acids tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription, tell your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You may need to lower your dose if you're taking other medicines that affect how well antidepressants function or if they trigger side effects. If you're worried that you're experiencing thoughts of suicide, seek help right away from a medical professional. You might have different symptoms for depression and anxiety or you may be suffering from comorbid depression and anxiety. Patients with comorbid anxiety as well as depression have a poorer medical prognosis than those who only have one disorder. Certain psychiatric drugs have been found to be particularly effective in treating both disorders in people with a comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can ease anxiety symptoms, including alprazolam, clonazepam, chlordiazep diazepam and lorazepam. These medications work on the benzodiazepine-receptors in the central nervous system which are five transmembrane protein molecules that form a benzylchloride-channel at the central. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess an area that binds to the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines work by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, thereby decreasing the activity of the nerve and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are known for their rapid onset but also for their high risk of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and buspirone have a longer duration of action, but are better options for long-term use because they don't produce tolerance or addiction. Depression and anxiety disorders are often comorbid, and antidepressants can reduce symptoms of depression that are linked with anxiety. Many people suffering from depression experience a combination both of depressive and anxious symptoms. They will need to combine medication with talk therapy in order to control their symptoms. In these cases, benzodiazepines may be employed for a brief period to control depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications work. These medications are usually prescribed for a short period of time, and not on a daily basis. These medications should not be taken for extended periods of time because they can trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking or trouble sleeping. If you're thinking of taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any prior dependence or substance abuse issues, as well as any other mental health problems you have. Your doctor will be able to discuss potential side effects and recommend other medications to treat your depression, if required. Benzodiazepines can cause serious and potentially life-threatening issues when you take too much or haven't previously taken them. If you are breastfeeding, pregnant or have a history of liver disease or digestive or respiratory disorders Your doctor may recommend lower doses or restrict the duration of treatment with these drugs. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the risk of side effects and dependence, therefore you should avoid drinking alcohol while you are taking them. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a medication that can be used to help control anxiety symptoms. They are a form of medication distinct from benzodiazepines such as Xanax and are effective by blocking the receptors to which adrenaline binds. They also reduce brain and nervous system activity. They can be used as an alternative to benzodiazepines that are more addictive and carry an increased risk of dependency. Beta blockers are typically prescribed for heart conditions, and can be helpful in treating anxiety as they reduce blood pressure and slow down the heart rate. However, they aren't specifically approved by the FDA for the treatment of anxiety disorders. They are typically employed “off label” for this purpose and are a great option if other anti-anxiety medications do not offer relief or have intolerable side effects. They are particularly effective in situations of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where uncomfortable physical symptoms can be experienced in situations that cause anxiety. They can be utilized in combination with other treatment options such as CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly useful as an addition therapy for people suffering from GAD that is characterized by constant and persistent anxiety that interferes with daily life activities. They can also assist in reducing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing heart or increased sweating. Beta-blockers can help ease anxiety-related physical symptoms, but they do not address underlying psychological issues which contribute to the condition. They are designed to complement other treatments, like benzodiazepines or SSRIs. Before you start taking beta-blockers, it is essential to discuss with your doctor your medical history and any other health concerns. The use of these drugs has been linked to a reduction in suicidal behavior and psychiatric hospitalisations However, the results differ depending on the specific psychiatric condition and psychiatric history prior to the diagnosis. In addition they are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular-related events in certain patients. There are a few natural ingredients that have beta-blocker-like properties, but they are not as effective as prescription medications. These include antioxidants, garlic, saffron and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't completely understood. Certain of these supplements can cause serious side effects, so it's recommended to consult an expert before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) work by changing the way your brain functions. They block the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase. This enzyme breaks down the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine that allow your brain cells to communicate with each with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to stay in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and elevates your mood. These medications are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, specifically anxiety-related disorders such as agoraphobia, mixed depression and anxiety. However, they are less effective in states of pure anxiety and might not help with panic attacks. The MAOIs' effectiveness has been linked to their capability to increase serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These neurotransmitters, naturally produced by the body, are released into the bloodstream, where they travel to nerves cells and act as messengers. Iproniazid was one of the first antidepressants to be discovered in 1950. disorders anxiety blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of other MAOIs, such as tranylcypromine isocarboxazid and fluoxetine, which are used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can cause drug and food interactions and can lead to a serious withdrawal syndrome if stopped suddenly, MAOIs are typically only prescribed to patients who are unable to respond to other treatments. A newer MAOI called a selective, irreversible MAOA-A inhibitor is being researched for its potential use in treating depression that is not responding to treatment. It is not recommended to use in bipolar disorder because it can cause manic symptoms. Selegiline, a more recent MAOI (also called Zelapar or Eldepryl), has been studied for Parkinson's treatment. It blocks monoamine oxidase but does not affect other enzymes which break down levodopa – the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These drugs can be used either on their own or in conjunction with other antidepressants. In some patients, the MAOIs could cause a reaction that results in increased neuromuscular excitability and hyperreflexia. This can manifest as a twitching of the muscles or eyelid moving. These reactions are more common when these medications are used together with certain foods like aged cheeses and cured meats.